https://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&feed=atom&action=historyMars - Revision history2024-03-28T21:16:47ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.38.2https://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2091&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Landscape */2014-07-23T23:08:10Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Landscape</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>As well as being similar to Earth, with hills and dales, Mars has the deepest canyons, 5,000 km (3,000 miles) long, and many times the length and depth of the Grand Canyon on Earth. This canyon, discovered by Mariner 9 in 1971, is thought to be caused by subsidence, much like the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Rift_Valley Great Rift Valley] on Earth. You can take a [http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/videos/mars/vallesmarineris-20060313/ video tour of Valles Marineris] courtesy of JPL's visualization team.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>As well as being similar to Earth, with hills and dales, Mars has the deepest canyons, 5,000 km (3,000 miles) long, and many times the length and depth of the Grand Canyon on Earth. This canyon, discovered by Mariner 9 in 1971, is thought to be caused by subsidence, much like the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Rift_Valley Great Rift Valley] on Earth. You can take a [http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/videos/mars/vallesmarineris-20060313/ video tour of Valles Marineris] courtesy of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/video/index.cfm </ins>JPL's visualization team<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2090&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Mars' similarities to Earth */2014-07-23T23:04:11Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Mars' similarities to Earth</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mars surface in a map from the [http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/23/science/space/brand-new-look-at-the-face-of-mars.html US Geological Survey] based on satellite data</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mars surface in a map from the [http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/23/science/space/brand-new-look-at-the-face-of-mars.html US Geological Survey] based on satellite data<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Credit [http://planetarymapping.wr.usgs.gov/ USGS].</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2089&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Water on Mars !!! */2014-07-23T23:02:38Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Water on Mars !!!</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Eureka ! ("I found it", first quoted by Archimedes as he ran out of his bath when he realized how he might prove if the king's crown was made of pure gold. Archimedes then took to the streets naked, so excited by his discovery that he had forgotten to dress, crying "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_%28word%29 Eureka!]" ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language Greek]: "εὕρηκα!," meaning "I have found it!")) So far, the most convincing evidence of water on Mars surface came when Phoenix Lander dug up soil, which when warmed gave off water vapor. Curiosity Rover confirmed this, and found that Martian soil was not simply dry and dusty but that it contained a lot of water - several percent by weight.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Eureka ! ("I found it", first quoted by Archimedes as he ran out of his bath when he realized how he might prove if the king's crown was made of pure gold. Archimedes then took to the streets naked, so excited by his discovery that he had forgotten to dress, crying "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_%28word%29 Eureka!]" ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language Greek]: "εὕρηκα!," meaning "I have found it!")) So far, the most convincing evidence of water on Mars surface came when Phoenix Lander dug up soil, which when warmed gave off water vapor. Curiosity Rover confirmed this, and found that Martian soil was not simply dry and dusty but that it contained a lot of water - several percent by weight.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The low atmospheric pressure does not allow water to form on the surface. Water ice appears to be in the soil, and there are indications that beneath the CO2 ice (dry ice) polar caps is enough water ice H20, that if melted could cover the planet. Red hematite, which may form in the presence of water, is responsible for the reddish color of the soil everywhere on Mars. Perhaps some day we shall learn if Mars was once covered by a shallow sea.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The low atmospheric pressure does not allow water to form on the surface. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water </ins>Water ice<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">] </ins>appears to be in the soil, and there are indications that beneath the CO2 ice (dry ice) polar caps is enough water ice H20, that if melted could cover the planet. Red hematite, which may form in the presence of water, is responsible for the reddish color of the soil everywhere on Mars. Perhaps some day we shall learn if Mars was once covered by a shallow sea.</div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2088&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Water on Mars !!! */2014-07-23T23:00:35Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Water on Mars !!!</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Eureka ! ("I found it", first quoted by Archimedes as he ran out of his bath when he realized how he might prove if the king's crown was made of pure gold. Archimedes then took to the streets naked, so excited by his discovery that he had forgotten to dress, crying "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_%28word%29 Eureka!]" ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language Greek]: "εὕρηκα!," meaning "I have found it!")) <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </del>most convincing evidence <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">for </del>water <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was </del>when Phoenix Lander dug up soil, which when warmed gave off water vapor.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Eureka ! ("I found it", first quoted by Archimedes as he ran out of his bath when he realized how he might prove if the king's crown was made of pure gold. Archimedes then took to the streets naked, so excited by his discovery that he had forgotten to dress, crying "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_%28word%29 Eureka!]" ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language Greek]: "εὕρηκα!," meaning "I have found it!")) <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> So far, the </ins>most convincing evidence <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of </ins>water <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">on Mars surface came </ins>when Phoenix Lander dug up soil, which when warmed gave off water vapor<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Curiosity Rover confirmed this, and found that Martian soil was not simply dry and dusty but that it contained a lot of water - several percent by weight</ins>.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The low atmospheric pressure does not allow water to form on the surface. Water ice appears to be in the soil, and there are indications that beneath the CO2 ice (dry ice) polar caps is enough water ice H20, that if melted could cover the planet. Red hematite, which may form in the presence of water, is responsible for the reddish color of the soil everywhere on Mars. Perhaps some day we shall learn if Mars was once covered by a shallow sea.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The low atmospheric pressure does not allow water to form on the surface. Water ice appears to be in the soil, and there are indications that beneath the CO2 ice (dry ice) polar caps is enough water ice H20, that if melted could cover the planet. Red hematite, which may form in the presence of water, is responsible for the reddish color of the soil everywhere on Mars. Perhaps some day we shall learn if Mars was once covered by a shallow sea.</div></td></tr>
</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2087&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Water on Mars !!! */2014-07-23T22:56:11Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Water on Mars !!!</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Opportunity started its [<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">lhttp</del>://marsrovers.nasa.gov/mission/traverse_maps.html exploration] of Mars from its landing site in a small crater, then went to "stadium-sized" Endurance Crater, followed by the larger Victoria Crater which is about a km across (0.6 mi). It climbed out of Victoria in September 2008, and made its way slowly toward Endeavor Crater, 12 km away and 22 km across (14 mi). The trip took several more months, since it only moved 110 yards a day, and it [http://news.discovery.com/space/mars-rover-opportunity-arrives-at-endeavour-crater-110810.html arrived in August 2011]. Meanwhile, its twin, the little lame Spirit Rover with one bad wheel, is silent on the other side of Mars, where she explored a flat area called "Home Plate." Spirit became stuck when a wheel broke through the surface. Nature Magazine wrote an [http://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/classes/107/topics/mars_rovers/mars_rover_spirit_obit_nature_03feb2010.pdf obituary] for her in January 2010. Both rovers run on solar power, and an accumulation of dust on their panels is so thick that only 25% of the sunlight reaching them gets through to make electricity. They are programmed to take a deep sleep, and minimize power use, when not driving and during the Martian winter. Opportunity awoke in May 2012 and is at work again.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Opportunity started its [<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">http</ins>://marsrovers.nasa.gov/mission/traverse_maps.html exploration] of Mars from its landing site in a small crater, then went to "stadium-sized" Endurance Crater, followed by the larger Victoria Crater which is about a km across (0.6 mi). It climbed out of Victoria in September 2008, and made its way slowly toward Endeavor Crater, 12 km away and 22 km across (14 mi). The trip took several more months, since it only moved 110 yards a day, and it [http://news.discovery.com/space/mars-rover-opportunity-arrives-at-endeavour-crater-110810.html arrived in August 2011]. Meanwhile, its twin, the little lame Spirit Rover with one bad wheel, is silent on the other side of Mars, where she explored a flat area called "Home Plate." Spirit became stuck when a wheel broke through the surface. Nature Magazine wrote an [http://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/classes/107/topics/mars_rovers/mars_rover_spirit_obit_nature_03feb2010.pdf obituary] for her in January 2010. Both rovers run on solar power, and an accumulation of dust on their panels is so thick that only 25% of the sunlight reaching them gets through to make electricity. They are programmed to take a deep sleep, and minimize power use, when not driving and during the Martian winter. Opportunity awoke in May 2012 and is at work again.</div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2086&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Water on Mars !!! */2014-07-23T22:55:35Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Water on Mars !!!</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Opportunity had seen Blueberries before, on the slopes and in the bottom of Endurance Crater in 2004. Also seen in this image it sent home are "Razor backs". These are hard minerals that are thought to have formed in cracks of surrounding softer rocks that have since eroded away, either by dust storms or water.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Opportunity had seen Blueberries before, on the slopes and in the bottom of Endurance Crater in 2004. Also seen in this image it sent home are "Razor backs". These are hard minerals that are thought to have formed in cracks of surrounding softer rocks that have since eroded away, either by dust storms or water.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Opportunity started its [http://marsrovers.nasa.gov/mission/traverse_maps.html exploration of Mars] from its landing site in a small crater, then went to "stadium-sized" Endurance Crater, followed by the larger Victoria Crater which is about a km across (0.6 mi). It climbed out of Victoria in September 2008, and is making its way slowly toward Endeavor Crater, 12 km away and 22 km across (14 mi). The trip is expected to take several more monts, since it only moves 110 yards a day! Meanwhile, its twin, the little lame Spirit Rover with one bad wheel, is silent on the other side of Mars, where she explored a flat area called "Home Plate." Spirit became stuck when a wheel broke through the surface. Nature Magazine has wrote an [http://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/classes/107/topics/mars_rovers/mars_rover_spirit_obit_nature_03feb2010.pdf obituary] for her in January 2010. Both rovers run on solar power, and an accumulation of dust on their panels is so thick that only 25% of the sunlight reaching them gets through to make electricity. They are now programmed to take a deep sleep, and minimize power use, when not driving.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Opportunity started its [lhttp://marsrovers.nasa.gov/mission/traverse_maps.html exploration] of Mars from its landing site in a small crater, then went to "stadium-sized" Endurance Crater, followed by the larger Victoria Crater which is about a km across (0.6 mi). It climbed out of Victoria in September 2008, and made its way slowly toward Endeavor Crater, 12 km away and 22 km across (14 mi). The trip took several more months, since it only moved 110 yards a day, and it [http://news.discovery.com/space/mars-rover-opportunity-arrives-at-endeavour-crater-110810.html arrived in August 2011]. Meanwhile, its twin, the little lame Spirit Rover with one bad wheel, is silent on the other side of Mars, where she explored a flat area called "Home Plate." Spirit became stuck when a wheel broke through the surface. Nature Magazine wrote an [http://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/classes/107/topics/mars_rovers/mars_rover_spirit_obit_nature_03feb2010.pdf obituary] for her in January 2010. Both rovers run on solar power, and an accumulation of dust on their panels is so thick that only 25% of the sunlight reaching them gets through to make electricity. They are programmed to take a deep sleep, and minimize power use, when not driving and during the Martian winter. Opportunity awoke in May 2012 and is at work again.</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2085&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Water on Mars !!! */2014-07-23T22:50:10Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Water on Mars !!!</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:50, 23 July 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Water on Mars !!! ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Water on Mars !!! ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Warm ground temperatures also enable water beneath the surface to melt, and liquid water springs gush from the sides of craters, as [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qL7jj-Wjb5Y seen by Mars Global Surveyor].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Warm ground temperatures also enable water beneath the surface to melt, and liquid water springs gush from the sides of craters, as [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qL7jj-Wjb5Y seen by Mars Global Surveyor]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Finding these changes is not the same as finding the water, though it seems to be strong evidence that water is there now</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Layered </del>rock revealed along edges of craters may have been deposited by dust storms, or by water, just as layered rock occurs in Kentucky where a shallow sea once came and receded.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Similarly, layered </ins>rock revealed along edges of craters may have been deposited by dust storms, or by water, just as layered rock occurs in Kentucky where a shallow sea once came and receded.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:mars_victoria_crater.jpg|600px]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:mars_victoria_crater.jpg|600px]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The edge of Victoria <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Cra]]ter </del>showing rock layers</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The edge of Victoria <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Crater </ins>showing rock layers</div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2084&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Martian soil */2014-07-23T22:48:20Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Martian soil</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:48, 23 July 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Data from soil samples on Mars is still coming in. Some samples suggest the soil is similar to what someone might find in their backyard, with magnesium and potassium chloride, and other soluble minerals necessary for life, and traces of water. However with a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH pH] between 8 and 9 (very alkaline) only vegetables like asparagus would grow, ruling out strawberries. There is also indication that microbial life may be able to live quite happily meters down in the soil. But, other samples taken by the Phoenix Lander in 2008 show [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#Discovery_of_perchlorate_on_Mars perchlorates] in the soil that could make plant growth impossible. Although it is no longer operating, scientists are still analyzing its data. [http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/ Mars Science Laboratory] launched in December 2011, with arrival on Mars in August 2012. It will place the Curiosity rover in Gale crater to look for conditions and evidence for microbial life.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Data from soil samples on Mars is still coming in. Some samples suggest the soil is similar to what someone might find in their backyard, with magnesium and potassium chloride, and other soluble minerals necessary for life, and traces of water. However with a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH pH] between 8 and 9 (very alkaline) only vegetables like asparagus would grow, ruling out strawberries. There is also indication that microbial life may be able to live quite happily meters down in the soil. But, other samples taken by the Phoenix Lander in 2008 show [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#Discovery_of_perchlorate_on_Mars perchlorates] in the soil that could make plant growth impossible. Although it is no longer operating, scientists are still analyzing its data. [http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/ Mars Science Laboratory] launched in December 2011, with arrival on Mars in August 2012. It will place the Curiosity rover in Gale crater to look for conditions and evidence for microbial life.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Data from soil samples on Mars is still coming in, and the Curiosity rover is analyzing soil as it explores. Some samples suggest the soil is similar to what someone might find in their backyard, with magnesium and potassium chloride, and other soluble minerals necessary for life, and traces of water. However with a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH pH] between 8 and 9 (very alkaline) only vegetables like asparagus would grow, ruling out strawberries. There is also indication that microbial life may be able to live quite happily meters down in the soil. But, other samples taken by the Phoenix Lander in 2008 show [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perchlorate#Discovery_of_perchlorate_on_Mars perchlorates] in the soil that could make plant growth impossible. Although it is no longer operating, scientists are still analyzing its data.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[http://marsprogram.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/ Mars Science Laboratory] launched in December 2011, arrived on Mars in August 2012. It placed the Curiosity rover in Gale crater to look for conditions and evidence for microbial life. It has been sniffing for methane (which as of fall 2013 it has not found), and analyzing the soil for water. It reports that [http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-205_162-57604814/water-discovered-in-mars-surface-layer/ several percent of Mars' soil is water], and that by simply heating the soil the water comes out as vapor. Presumably a visitor to Mars could survive on water she would wring out of the soil with a solar cooker.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Atmosphere about 0.7% that of Earth ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Atmosphere about 0.7% that of Earth ==</div></td></tr>
</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2083&oldid=prevWikiSysop at 22:42, 23 July 20142014-07-23T22:42:07Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:42, 23 July 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Mars' <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Similarities </del>to Earth ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Mars' <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">similarities </ins>to Earth ==</div></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysophttps://prancer.physics.louisville.edu/astrowiki/index.php?title=Mars&diff=2082&oldid=prevWikiSysop: /* Mars' Similarities to Earth */2014-07-23T22:40:34Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Mars' Similarities to Earth</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:40, 23 July 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mars is similar to Earth with hills, cliffs, dry waterways, rocks and boulders, but its [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Mars surface is very old], with the oldest regions formed between 4.6 and 3.5 billion years ago. A [http://youtu.be/quZMhSohIEU global map] of Mars made with a satellite that uses a laser to measure the height of features reveals its varied surface in ways that images in visible light cannot show. The colors in this map separate areas that are similar, and also indicate age. The bright yellow is the youngest from 3 billion years ago to present time.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mars is similar to Earth with hills, cliffs, dry waterways, rocks and boulders, but its [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Mars surface is very old], with the oldest regions formed between 4.6 and 3.5 billion years ago. A [http://youtu.be/quZMhSohIEU global map] of Mars made with a satellite that uses a laser to measure the height of features reveals its varied surface in ways that images in visible light cannot show. The colors in this map separate areas that are similar, and also indicate age. The bright yellow is the youngest from 3 billion years ago to present time.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
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</table>WikiSysop