NumPy, SciPy and SciKits: Difference between revisions

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  import numpy as np
  import numpy as np
   
   
  # Use arange to create an array of 100 elements
  mylist = [1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]
  myarray = np.arange(1e2)
  myarray = np.array(mylist)
  print myarray
  print myarray


produces an array of 100 values:
creates a list and makes an array from it.  You can create an array of 30 32-bit floating point zeros with


  array([  0.,  1.,  2.,  3.,  4.,  5.,  6.,  7.,  8.,  9.,  10.,
  myarray = np.zeros(30, dtype=np.float32)
        11.,  12.,  13.,  14.,  15.,  16.,  17.,  18.,  19.,  20.,  21.,
        22.,  23.,  24.,  25.,  26.,  27.,  28.,  29.,  30.,  31.,  32.,
        33.,  34.,  35.,  36.,  37.,  38.,  39.,  40.,  41.,  42.,  43.,
        44.,  45.,  46.,  47.,  48.,  49.,  50.,  51.,  52.,  53.,  54.,
        55.,  56.,  57.,  58.,  59.,  60.,  61.,  62.,  63.,  64.,  65.,
        66.,  67.,  68.,  69.,  70.,  71.,  72.,  73.,  74.,  75.,  76.,
        77.,  78.,  79.,  80.,  81.,  82.,  83.,  84.,  85.,  86.,  87.,
        88.,  89.,  90.,  91.,  92.,  93.,  94.,  95.,  96.,  97.,  98.,
        99.])


The dtype argument is optional and can be


Arrays can be shaped with reshape(i,j,k,...)
*unit8, 16, 32, 64
 
*int8, 16, 32, 64
mynewarray = myarray.reshape(20,5)
*float32, 64, 128
print mynewarray
*complex64, 128
 
array([[  0.,   1.,  2.,  3.,  4.],
      [  5.,  6.,  7.,  8.,  9.],
      [ 10.,  11.,  12.,  13.,  14.],
      [ 15.,  16.,  17.,  18.,  19.],
      [ 20.,  21.,  22.,  23.,  24.],
      [ 25.,  26.,  27.,  28.,  29.],
      [ 30.,  31.,  32.,  33.,  34.],
      [ 35.,  36.,  37.,  38.,  39.],
      [ 40.,  41.,  42.,  43.,  44.],
      [ 45.,  46.,  47.,  48.,  49.],
      [ 50.,  51.,  52.,  53.,  54.],
      [ 55.,  56.,  57.,  58.,  59.],
      [ 60.,  61.,  62., 63.,  64.],
      [ 65.,  66.,  67.,  68.,  69.],
      [ 70.,  71.,  72.,  73.,  74.],
      [ 75.,  76.,  77.,  78.,  79.],
      [ 80.,  81.,  82.,  83.,  84.],
      [ 85.,  86.,  87.,  88.,  89.],
      [ 90.,  91.,  92.,  93.,  94.],
      [ 95.,  96.,  97.,  98.,  99.]])
 
 
Notice that reshape says in effect to make the linear array into one with 20 elements, each of 5 elements.  When printed, this example looks like 20 rows, each with 5 columns.
 
You can also make arrays from a list
 
myarray = np.array( [1,3,5,7,11,13] )
 
and the array can be turned back into a list
 
mylist = myarray.tolist()
print mylist
 
[1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]

Revision as of 22:12, 20 February 2013

Python provides a framework on which numerical and scientific data processing can be built. As part of our short course on Python for Physics and Astronomy we will look at the capabilities of the NumPy, SciPy and SciKits packages. This is a brief overview with a few examples drawn primarily from the excellent but short introductory book SciPy and NumPy by Eli Bressert (O'Reilly 2012).

NumPy

NumPy adds arrays and linear albegra to Python, with special functions, transformations, the ability to operate on all elements of an array in one stroke.

Arrays are at the heart of NumPy. The program 

import numpy as np

mylist = [1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]
myarray = np.array(mylist)
print myarray

creates a list and makes an array from it. You can create an array of 30 32-bit floating point zeros with 

myarray = np.zeros(30, dtype=np.float32)

The dtype argument is optional and can be

  • unit8, 16, 32, 64
  • int8, 16, 32, 64
  • float32, 64, 128
  • complex64, 128
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